Fats: After protein and carbohydrates levels have been established the fat allowance makes up the remaining calories for most diets. 30 - 35 % of the calories as fat is satisfactory. Foods high in saturated fat and cholesterol should be limited.

Fiber Foods those are rich in fibre can reduce the rate of glucose absorption, lower blood sugar rise, decrease urinary glucose excretion, slower stomach emptying and delay intestinal transit time. Fiber also contributes to satiety and consequent decreased food intake helps reduce weight. This fiber containing complex carbohydrates that are slowly digested and absorbed such as pulses, brown rice, bread, chapathy will produce less rise in blood sugar and less excretion of urinary sugar than an equivalent amount of carbohydrates taken as sugar in tea.

The fiber particularly the gums, pectin's when ingested with a diet are reported to reduce post prandial glucose levels (after food) in blood. Studies have shown that gum present in fenugreek seeds (it contains 40 % gum) is most effective in reducing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gums. These types of dietary fiber are often recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes.

Calculation of Diabetic Diet

Let us assume that a diet is to be planned for a person who is 165 cm tall and weighs 60 kgs. Calories required for per kg body weight is 30.